Pandemic relief programs helped federal agencies provide an emergency lifeline to countless residents and businesses. However, the scope, scale and speed with which payments needed to be dispersed left programs vulnerable to fraud. In this article, Brian D. Miller, special inspector general for Pandemic Recovery, and Amanda Warfield, Vice President of program integrity at Optum Serve, discuss the challenges the public sector faces in recovery efforts, and key solutions to help tackle pandemic fraud and secure programs against further abuse.